Expanding the Frontier of Botanical Pharmacology: Beyond Cannabinoids

The field of botanical pharmacology has evolved significantly since early investigations into single-molecule compounds. Emerging research now underscores the complex interplay of multiple classes of bioactive metabolites that contribute to the therapeutic versatility of botanical sources.

Recent studies have begun to map the roles of previously overlooked constituents—including minor phytocannabinoids and mono- and sesquiterpenoids—found in specific plant extracts. These compounds, long underappreciated, are now recognized for their ability to enhance therapeutic activity through synergistic mechanisms, particularly in applications related to pain, inflammation, and neurological disorders.

This growing understanding is exemplified by the “entourage effect”—the idea that interactions between compound classes such as terpenoids and polyphenols amplify pharmacological efficacy beyond that of isolated constituents. Investigations into non-cannabinoid fractions of plant material have identified promising leads such as cannflavin A, cannabisin, and other specialized metabolites, each exhibiting distinct pharmacological profiles.

As research progresses, these findings open new pathways for the development of more effective, multi-targeted botanical therapies.

Learn more about this paper and its findings here: 

Cannabis Pharmacology: The Usual Suspects and a Few Promising Leads